• Assay Selection Tool

BellBrook Labs

  • Products
    • Transcreener® HTS Assays
      • Transcreener® ADP² Kinase Assay
      • Transcreener® ADO CD73 Assay
      • Transcreener® AMP²/GMP² Phosphodiesterase Assay
      • Transcreener® cGAMP cGAS Assay
      • Transcreener® EPIGEN SAH Methyltransferase Assay
      • Transcreener® GDP GTPase Assay Kits
      • Transcreener® UDP² Glycosyltransferase Assay
      • Transcreener® 2-5A OAS Assay
    • AptaFluor® HTS Assays
      • AptaFluor® SAH Methyltransferase Assay
    • HTS Assays by Target Family
      • Kinase Assay Kits
      • ATPase Assay Kits
      • Glycosyltransferase Assay Kits
      • GTPase Assay Kits
        • GAP Assay Kits
        • GEF Assay Kits
      • Ligase and Synthetase Assay Kits
      • Methyltransferase Assay Kits
      • Phosphodiesterase Assay Kits
    • HTS Assays by Target
      • Adenosine Kinase Assay Kits
      • AMPK Assay Kits
      • CD39 Assay Kits
      • CD73 Assay Kits
      • cGAS Assay Kits
      • DDX3 Assay Kits
      • ENPP1 Assay Kits
      • EZH2 Assay Kits
      • IKK-beta Assay Kits
      • IRAK4 Assay Kits
      • JAK1 Assay Kits
      • JAK3 Assay Kits
      • NSP13 Assay Kits
      • NUDT5 Assay Kits
      • OAS Assay Kits
      • PKR Assay Kits
      • TBK1 Assay Kits
    • Recombinant Enzymes
      • Human cGAS Enzyme
      • Mouse cGAS Enzyme
      • Human DDX3 Enzyme
      • Human OAS1 Enzyme
    • Assay Plates
    • Ordering Information
  • Services
    • Assay Development Services
    • Lead Discovery Services
    • CD38 Assay Services
    • GTPase Profiling Services
  • Innate Immunity
    • ADK Activity Assays
    • AMPK Activity Assays
    • cGAS Activity Assays
    • CD73 Activity Assays
    • CD38 Activity Assay Services
    • CD39 Activity Assays
    • DDX3 Activity Assays
    • ENPP1 Activity Assays
    • IKK-beta Activity Assays
    • IRAK4 Activity Assays
    • JAK1 Activity Assays
    • JAK3 Activity Assays
    • NSP13 Activity Assays
    • OAS1 Activity Assays
    • PKR Activity Assays
    • TBK1 Activity Assays
  • Resources
    • Technical Manuals
    • Transcreener® Assays – Instrument Compatibility
    • Application Notes
    • Posters and Presentations
    • Publications
    • Transcreener® FAQ’s
    • Guides
      • Residence Time Guide
      • Hit Prioritization Guide
      • Kinases in Innate Immunity
  • Company
    • President’s Message
    • International Distributors
    • Careers
    • Downloads
    • Contact Us
  • Blog
  • MY CART
    No products in cart.

The Role of CD38 Activity in the Impaired Immune Response

by Bellbrook Labs / Tuesday, 10 August 2021 / Published in Emerging Targets, HTS Assays, Innate Immunity
Scientist Working on CD38 Discovery

Cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) is a multifaceted protein contributing to immune response, cell adhesion, and signal transduction. Furthermore, it plays a vital role in calcium signaling, which is necessary for further cell signaling. Calcium acts as a second messenger regulating muscle contraction, cell growth, fertilization, and cellular motility, to name a few areas of relevance.

Calcium levels are increased in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). MM is a type of cancer that affects plasma (white blood) cells, ultimately affecting antibody production.1 Additionally, asthma can result from calcium levels not being appropriately regulated.2 This inflammatory disease affects millions putting a massive burden on our healthcare system.

Inflammation and antibody production are essential in the immune response, allowing our bodies to fight and eliminate disease, allergies, and injuries. The inflammatory response recruits several mediators, such as cytokines, to aid in the destruction of foreign molecules invading the body. CD38 acts as a receptor to activate numerous cytokines that are involved in the immune response.2

In the case of MM, scientists have found multiple inhibitors against CD38 which eliminate tumor cells.1 Although this is the case, there’s always room for improved therapies, especially since relapse is common.

Calcium Signaling Pathway

Calcium levels are typically at a resting level in the cell’s cytoplasm, and to remain at that level there is a regular release into the extracellular space. However, there are times when calcium is released in more significant amounts. One example is when CD38 is activated. CD38 has enzymatic activity that drives second messengers to regulate calcium levels. Specifically, as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) enhances CD38 in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells, cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) releases calcium which increases the dysfunctional contractility in asthma. 2   Finding ways to control CD38 will ultimately lead to solutions for patients who have asthma.

CD38 Enzymatic Activity Assay 

As researchers continue to find molecules capable of inhibiting CD38 to combat a plethora of illnesses, including cancer and inflammatory-related diseases, there are ever-growing technological advances that assist this research.  Transcreener Assays are capable of detecting enzymatic activity, of Kinases, ATPases, and various other proteins. These biochemical assays are capable of testing multiple targets due to their flexible design which is ideal for drug discovery. Other ways these assays can assist in research in the fight against diseases that are due to an impaired immune response are as follows:

  • Determine enzymatic activity
  • Screen for small molecule inhibitors
  • Profile inhibitor potency / determine IC50 values
  • Mechanism of action studies

Learn more about how the Transcreener Assay was developed to measure CD38.

Learn More About the CD38 Assay

References

  1. Petrucci, M. T., & Vozella, F. (2019). The Anti-CD38 Antibody Therapy in Multiple Myeloma. Cells, 8(12), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8121629
  2. Glaría, E., & Valledor, A. F. (2020). Roles of CD38 in the Immune Response to Infection. Cells, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9010228
  3. Guedes, A. G. P., Deshpande, D. A., Dileepan, M., Walseth, T. F., Panettieri, R. A., Subramanian, S., & Kannan, M. S. (2014). CD38 and airway hyper-responsiveness: Studies on human airway smooth muscle cells and mouse models. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 93(2), 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2014-0410
Tagged under: CD38 Assay, Transcreener AMP/GMP Assay

What you can read next

Digging into Dopamine Signaling: Arginine Methylation Regulates GPCRs
View Our Kinase Inhibitor Residence Time Webinar Anytime!
Scientist Using a GTPase Assay
Researchers Employ GTPase Assay to Investigate Rab Proteins

Categories

  • Company
  • Emerging Targets
  • Epigenetics
  • HTS Assays
  • Innate Immunity
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • News
  • Products
  • Resources
  • Success Stories
  • Uncategorized

Recent Posts

  • Info book on cancer and RAFK1's relation

    RAF1 & Immunity: A Future Model For Cancer Research?

    RAF1, also known as c-Raf, is a member of the R...
  • OAS1 The Cost of Host Defense

    OAS1: The Cost of Host Defense

    OAS1 (Oligoadenylate synthetase 1) is induced b...
  • Scientist Studying DDX41

    DDX41 as a Sensor, Suppressor, and Modulator

    DDX41 [DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) Box Polypeptide 4...
  • Scientist Studying ALKPK1

    The Role of ALPK1 in Health and Disease

    ALPK1 (Alpha Kinase 1) is an atypical serine/th...
  • DHX36 RNA Helicase Unwinds G4 RNA Structures

    Resolving the Many Roles of DHX36

    While most researchers are familiar with canoni...

Archives

BellBrook Labs
5500 Nobel Drive, Suite 230
Madison, Wisconsin 53711 USA
(608) 443-2400

info@bellbrooklabs.com

 Copyright © 2022 BellBrook Labs | All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | FCOI | Sitemap

TOP